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国务院安委会转发《黑龙江省关于严禁党政机关、事业单位及国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的紧急通知》的通知

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国务院安委会转发《黑龙江省关于严禁党政机关、事业单位及国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的紧急通知》的通知

国务院安全生产委员会办公室


安委办字[2005]9号

国务院安委会转发《黑龙江省关于严禁党政机关、事业单位及国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的紧急通知》的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市安全生产委员会:

  近年来,在煤矿安全生产整治过程以及对一些煤矿事故的调查中,发现不同程度地存在着党政机关、事业单位及国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动、充当保护伞和为个人、亲友谋取私利的腐败现象,严重危害了人民群众的生命财产安全,破坏了安全生产秩序,损害了党和政府形象。特别是今年3月14日发生特大瓦斯爆炸事故的黑龙江省七台河精煤集团公司新富煤矿,经调查,矿主彭国财是七台河市桃山区安全生产监督管理局副局长,其兄彭贵财是七台河精煤集团公司副总经理,彭贵财指使其弟彭国财经营这个不具备基本安全生产条件的小煤矿。事故发生前,矿主置煤矿安全监察机构三次停产整顿指令于不顾,未经批准擅自违法违规组织生产,冒险作业,突击出煤,酿成18人死亡、1人重伤的特大瓦斯爆炸事故;事故发生后,又推卸责任,逃避赔偿,干扰事故善后处理,构成严重的违法、渎职和腐败行为。目前,黑龙江省有关部门已给予彭国财开除党籍、开除公职的处分,并移交司法机关追究刑事责任;给予彭贵财开除党籍、开除公职的处分。

  为进一步规范党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部廉洁从政行为,加强小煤矿安全生产监督管理工作,现将黑龙江省关于严禁党政机关、事业单位及国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的紧急通知转发给你们。请各省(区、市)结合本地区实际,认真制定有关预防腐败措施,并及时将落实情况报送国务院安委会办公室。

  二○○五年六月六日




黑龙江省关于严禁党政机关、事业单位及国有企业
领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的紧急通知

  党中央、国务院对党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部严禁经商办企业、利用职权为亲友谋取私利等均有明确规定。从我省近年来小煤矿清理整顿情况和最近发生的煤矿安全事故看,不同程度地存在着党政机关、事业单位及国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动以及充当保护伞,为个人和亲友谋取私利的腐败现象,致使一些小煤矿矿主置煤矿安全生产管理法律法规于不顾,冒险作业,倚仗权势抗拒检查,甚至发生事故后,推卸责任,逃避赔偿,干扰事故调查处理,严重危害了人民群众的生命财产安全,破坏了安全生产秩序,损害了党和政府形象。为进一步规范党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部廉洁从政行为,加强小煤矿安全生产监督管理工作,现就有关要求通知如下:

  一、各级党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部要严格遵守党中央、国务院关于廉洁自律的有关规定,特别是煤矿监察和管理部门的领导干部在其任职单位管辖范围内不准家属和亲友从事煤炭营销以及矿用装备、器材、原材料和劳保用品的供销活动,不准从事煤炭基本建设和其他工程的投标、招标和承包、转包活动,不准以个人承包、转包或入股等形式参与小煤矿生产经营。严禁其他党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部利用职权为亲友从事煤矿生产经营活动提供方便,以权谋私、搞钱权交易。

  二、各级党委、政府及煤矿监察和管理部门要加强对党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿经营及充当保护伞为个人和亲友谋取私利行为的监督和检查。要建立由纪检监察机关牵头,省经委、安全生产监管局、煤矿安全监察局、工商局、国土资源厅、国资委、公安厅、龙煤集团为成员单位的联席会议制度,及时召集联席会议,通报情况,研究重要问题和重大案件的查处。省工商行政管理部门在办理企业登记注册时,要根据国家法律法规及有关政策的规定,严格对股东和企业法定代表人进行审查,发现有党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部出资入股或担当企业法定代表人的不予受理。对名不符实、弄虚作假的,一经发现要责令变更登记。省经委、国土资源厅、煤矿安全监察局等监督管理部门要在小煤矿审批、日常行政管理和检查工作中尽职尽责,分关把守,严格审查,凡发现有党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营的,一律不予受理。要建立内部监督制约机制,落实审批、检查和调查责任追究制度,对发现有党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营的,要责令其主动退出,拒不退出的,应及时向纪检监察机关通报,由纪检监察机关调查处理,涉嫌违法犯罪的,要移交司法机关追究刑事责任。对不符合安全生产条件而发放证件的,对长期非法开采或死灰复燃视而不见的,对因腐败问题不依法取缔的,以及煤矿安全监察和地方煤矿安全监管人员在履行职责过程中,对煤矿事故隐患或者影响煤矿安全的违法行为应当发现而未发现或者已经发现但未及时纠正处理,发生重特大煤矿安全事故的,不仅要追究直接人员的责任,还要追究相关领导的责任。同时,坚决抵制和纠正在小煤矿生产经营中,党政机关干部和企事业单位领导为亲友疏通关系干预正常监督管理的行为。

  三、各级党委、政府及煤矿监察和管理部门要对党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的行为进行认真检查和清理,发现问题及时纠正处理。要强化社会监督,建立有奖举报制度,各地、各煤矿监管部门和各级纪检监察机关要设立和公布举报电话和举报信箱,认真受理对党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导参与或充当保护伞为亲友经营小煤矿提供便利条件谋取私利问题的举报,对举报线索要认真分析核实,一经查实,要根据实际情况给予举报人5-10万元的重奖。从4月 20日至5月20日为各地自查自纠阶段。5月下旬,省政府将组织

  有关部门赴各地检查和暗访。凡在自查自纠期间,自己申报并主动退出的,可不予追究。今后凡被举报和经检查发现属党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与或充当保护伞为亲友经营小煤矿谋取私利的,一律依法从重处理,并追究相关部门和领导的责任。

  四、各级党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部要严格遵守本通知规定,对违反本通知要求的,要按照《中国共产党党员领导干部廉洁从政若干准则(试行)》、《中国共产党纪律处分条例》、《中共中央纪委关于国有企业领导干部廉洁自律"四条规定"的实施和处理意见》、《国家公务员暂行条例》和《黑龙江省煤矿重特大安全事故行政责任追究暂行规定》追究责任,严肃处理,对典型案件要公开曝光。

  五、各地各部门要在当地党委和政府的统一领导下,把清理和纠正党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与小煤矿生产经营活动的行为纳入党风廉政建设责任制重要内容进行考核,并作为当前保持共产党员先进性教育活动中的突出问题,认真加以解决。要认真查找和分析党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部参与经营,以及为亲友从事小煤矿生产经营活动提供便利条件、谋取私利等方面存在的突出问题和深刻原因,积极研究制定整改措施,通过开展保持共产党员先进性教育活动,促进和规范党政机关、事业单位和国有企业领导干部廉洁从政、廉洁自律行为。

  



Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology ——附加英文版

China Banking Regulatory Commission


Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology





Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1. Pursuant to the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Banking Regulation and Supervision, the Law of the People's Republic of China on Commercial Banks, the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Administration of Foreign-funded Banks, and other applicable laws and regulations, the Guidelines on the Risk Management of Commercial Banks’ Information Technology (hereinafter referred to as the Guidelines) is formulated.

Article 2. The Guidelines apply to all the commercial banks legally incorporated within the territory of the People’s Republic of China.

The Guidelines may apply to other banking institutions including policy banks, rural cooperative banks, urban credit cooperatives, rural credit cooperatives, village banks, loan companies, financial asset management companies, trust and investment companies, finance firms, financial leasing companies, automobile financial companies and money brokers.


Article 3. The term “information technology” stated in the Guidelines shall refer to the system built with computer, communication and software technologies, and employed by commercial banks to handle business transactions, operation management, and internal communication, collaborative work and controls. The term also include IT governance, IT organization structure and IT policies and procedures.

Article 4. The risk of information technology refers to the operational risk, legal risk and reputation risk that are caused by natural factor, human factor, technological loopholes or management deficiencies when using information technology.

Article 5. The objective of information system risk management is to establish an effective mechanism that can identify, measure, monitor, and control the risks of commercial banks’ information system, ensure data integrity, availability, confidentiality and consistency, provide the relevant early warning, and thereby enable commercial banks’ business innovations, uplift their capability in utilizing information technology, improve their core competitiveness and capacity for sustainable development.



Chapter II IT governance

Article 6. The legal representative of commercial bank should be responsible to ensure compliance of this guideline.

Article 7. The board of directors of commercial banks should have the following responsibilities with respect to the management of information systems:
(1) Implementing and complying with the national laws, regulations and technical standards pertaining to the management of information systems, as well as the regulatory requirements set by the China Banking Regulatory Commission (hereinafter referred to as the “CBRC”);
(2) Periodically reviewing the alignment of IT strategy with the overall business strategies and significant policies of the bank, assessing the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the IT organization.
(3) Approving IT risk management strategies and policies, understanding the major IT risks involved, setting acceptable levels for these risks, and ensuring the implementation of the measures necessary to identify, measure, monitor and control these risks.
(4) Setting high ethical and integrity standards, and establishing a culture within the bank that emphasizes and demonstrates to all levels of personnel the importance of IT risk management.
(5) Establishing an IT steering committee which consists of representatives from senior management, the IT organization, and major business units, to oversee these responsibilities and report the effectiveness of strategic IT planning, the IT budget and actual expenditure, and the overall IT performance to the board of directors and senior management periodically.
(6) Establishing IT governance structure, proper segregation of duty, clear role and responsibility, maintaining check and balances and clear reporting relationship. Strengthening IT professional staff by developing incentive program.
(7) Ensuring that there is an effective internal audit of the IT risk management carried out by operationally independent, well-trained and qualified staff. The internal audit report should be submitted directly to the IT audit committee;
(8) Submitting an annual report to the CBRC and its local offices on information system risk management that has been reviewed and approved by the board of directors ;
(9) Ensuring the appropriating funding necessary for IT risk management works;
(10) Ensuring that all employees of the bank fully understand and adhere to the IT risk management policies and procedures approved by the board of directors and the senior management, and are provided with pertinent training.
(11) Ensuring customer information, financial information, product information and core banking system of the legal entity are held independently within the territory, and complying with the regulatory on-site examination requirements of CBRC and guarding against cross-border risk.
(12) Reporting in a timely manner to the CBRC and its local offices any serious incident of information systems or unexpected event, and quickly respond to it in accordance with the contingency plan;
(13) Cooperating with the CBRC and its local offices in the supervisory inspection of the risk management of information systems, and ensure that supervisory opinions are followed up; and
(14) Performing other related IT risk management tasks.

Article 8. The head of the IT organization, commonly known as the Chief Information Officer (CIO) should report directly to the president. Roles and responsibilities of the CIO should include the following:
(1) Playing a direct role in key decisions for the business development involving the use of IT in the bank;
(2) The CIO should ensure that information systems meet the needs of the bank, and IT strategies, in particular information system development strategies, comply with the overall business strategies and IT risk management policies of the bank;
(3) The CIO should also be responsible for the establishment of an effective and efficient IT organization to carry out the IT functions of the bank. These include the IT budget and expenditure, IT risk management, IT policies, standards and procedures, IT internal controls, professional development, IT project initiatives, IT project management, information system maintenance and upgrade, IT operations, IT infrastructure, Information security, disaster recovery plan (DRP), IT outsourcing, and information system retirement;
(4) Ensuring the effectiveness of IT risk management throughout the organization including all branches.
(5) Organizing professional trainings to improve technical proficiency of staff.
(6) Performing other related IT risk management tasks.

Article 9. Commercial banks should ensure that a clear definition of the IT organization structure and documentation of all job descriptions of important positions are always in place and updated in a timely manner. Staff in each position should meet relevant requirements on professional skills and knowledge. The following risk mitigation measures should be incorporated in the management program of related staff:
(1) Verification of personal information including confirmation of personal identification issued by government, academic credentials, prior work experience, professional qualifications;
(2) Ensuring that IT staff can meet the required professional ethics by checking character reference;
(3) Signing of agreements with employees about understanding of IT policies and guidelines, non-disclosure of confidential information, authorized use of information systems, and adherence to IT policies and procedures; and
(4) Evaluation of the risk of losing key IT personnel, especially during major IT development stage or in a period of unstable IT operations, and the relevant risk mitigation measures such as staff backup arrangement and staff succession plan.

Article 10. Commercial banks should establish or designate a particular department for IT risk management. It should report directly to the CIO and the Chief Risk Officer (or risk management committee), serve as a member of the IT incident response team, and be responsible for coordinating the establishment of policies regarding IT risk management, especially the areas of information security, BCP, and compliance with the CBRC regulations, advising the business departments and IT department in implementing these policies, providing relevant compliance information, conducting on-going assessment of IT risks, and ensuring the follow-up of remediation advice, monitoring and escalating management of IT threats and non-compliance events.

Article 11. Commercial banks should establish a special IT audit role and responsibility within internal audit function, which should put in place IT audit policies and procedures, develop and execute IT audit plan.

Article 12. Commercial banks should put in place policies and procedures to protect intellectual property rights according to laws regarding intellectual properties, ensure purchase of legitimate software and hardware, prevention of the use of pirated software, and the protection of the proprietary rights of IT products developed by the bank, and ensure that these are fully understood and complied by all employees.

Article 13. Commercial banks should, in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, disclose the risk profile of their IT normatively and timely.


Chapter III IT Risk Management

Article 14. Commercial banks should formulate an IT strategy that aligns with the overall business plan of the bank, IT risk assessment plan and an IT operational plan that can ensure adequate financial resources and human resources to maintain a stable and secure IT environment.

Article 15. Commercial banks should put in place a comprehensive set of IT risk management policies that include the following areas:
(1) Information security classification policy
(2) System development, testing and maintenance policy
(3) IT operation and maintenance policy
(4) Access control policy
(5) Physical security policy
(6) Personnel security policy
(7) Business Continuity Planning and Crisis and Emergency Management procedure

Article 16. Commercial banks should maintain an ongoing risk identification and assessment process that allows the bank to pinpoint the areas of concern in its information systems, assess the potential impact of the risks on its business, rank the risks, and prioritize mitigation actions and the necessary resources (including outsourcing vendors, product vendors and service vendors).

Article 17. Commercial banks should implement a comprehensive set of risk mitigation measures complying with the IT risk management policies and commensurate with the risk assessment of the bank. These mitigation measures should include:
(1) A set of clearly documented IT risk policies, technical standards, and operational procedures, which should be communicated to the staff frequently and kept up to date in a timely manner;
(2) Areas of potential conflicts of interest should be identified, minimized, and subject to careful, independent monitoring. Also it requires that an appropriate control structure is set up to facilitate checks and balances, with control activities defined at every business level, which should include:
- Top level reviews;
- Controls over physical and logical access to data and system;
- Access granted on “need to know” and “minimum authorization” basis;
- A system of approvals and authorizations; and
- A system of verification and reconciliation.

Article 18. Commercial banks should put in place a set of ongoing risk measurement and monitoring mechanisms, which should include
(1) Pre and post-implementation review of IT projects;
(2) Benchmarks for periodic review of system performance;
(3) Reports of incidents and complaints about IT services;
(4) Reports of internal audit, external audit, and issues identified by CBRC; and
(5) Arrangement with vendors and business units for periodic review of service level agreements (SLAs).
(6) The possible impact of new development of technology and new threats to software deployed.
(7) Timely review of operational risk and management controls in operation area.
(8) Assess the risk profile on IT outsourcing projects periodically.

Article 19. Chinese commercial banks operating offshore and the foreign commercial banks in China should comply with the relevant regulatory requirements on information systems in and outside the People’s Republic of China.


Chapter IV Information Security

Article 20. Information technology department of commercial banks should oversee the establishment of an information classification and protection scheme. All employees of the bank should be made aware of the importance of ensuring information confidentiality and provided with the necessary training to fully understand the information protection procedures within their responsibilities.

Article 21. Commercial banks should put in place an information security management function to develop and maintain an ongoing information security management program, promote information security awareness, advise other IT functions on security issues, serve as the leader of IT incident response team, and report the evaluation of the information security of the bank to the IT steering committee periodically. The Information security management program should include Information security standards, strategy, an implementation plan, and an ongoing maintenance plan.
Information security policy should include the following areas:
(1) IT security policy management
(2) Organization information security
(3) Asset management
(4) Personnel security
(5) Physical and environment security
(6) Communication and operation security
(7) Access control and authentication
(8) Acquirement, development and maintenance of information system
(9) Information security event management
(10) Business continuity management
(11) Compliance

Article 22. Commercial banks should have an effective process to manage user authentication and access control. Access to data and system should be strictly limited to authorized individuals whose identity is clearly established, and their activities in the information systems should be limited to the minimum required for their legitimate business use. Appropriate user authentication mechanism commensurate with the classification of information to be accessed should be selected. Timely review and removal of user identity from the system should be implemented when user transfers to a new job or leave the commercial bank.

Article 23. Commercial banks should ensure all physical security zones, such as computer centers or data centers, network closets, areas containing confidential information or critical IT equipment, and respective accountabilities are clearly defined, and appropriate preventive, detective, and recuperative controls are put in place.

Article 24. Commercial banks should divide their networks into logical security domains (hereinafter referred to as the “domain”) with different levels of security. The following security factors have to be assessed in order to define and implement effective security controls, such as physical or logical segregation of network, network filtering, logical access control, traffic encryption, network monitoring, activity log, etc., for each domain and the whole network.
(1) criticality of the applications and user groups within the domain;
(2) Access points to the domain through various communication channels;
(3) Network protocols and ports used by the applications and network equipment deployed within the domain;
(4) Performance requirement or benchmark;
(5) Nature of the domain, i.e. production or testing, internal or external;
(6) Connectivity between various domains; and
(7) Trustworthiness of the domain.

Article 25. Commercial banks should secure the operating system and system software of all computer systems by
(1) Developing baseline security requirement for each operating system and ensuring all systems meet the baseline security requirement;
(2) Clearly defining a set of access privileges for different groups of users, namely, end-users, system development staff, computer operators, and system administrators and user administrators;
(3) Setting up a system of approval, verification, and monitoring procedures for using the highest privileged system accounts;
(4) Requiring technical staff to review available security patches, and report the patch status periodically; and
(5) Requiring technical staff to include important items such as unsuccessful logins, access to critical system files, changes made to user accounts, etc. in system logs, monitors the systems for any abnormal event manually or automatically, and report the monitoring periodically.

Article 26. Commercial banks should ensure the security of all the application systems by
(1) Clearly defining the roles and responsibilities of end-users and IT staff regarding the application security;
(2) Implementing a robust authentication method commensurate with the criticality and sensibility of the application system;
(3) Enforcing segregation of duties and dual control over critical or sensitive functions;
(4) Requiring verification of input or reconciliation of output at critical junctures;
(5) Requiring the input and output of confidential information are handled in a secure manner to prevent theft, tampering, intentional leakage, or inadvertent leakage;
(6) Ensuring system can handle exceptions in a predefined way and provide meaningful message to users when the system is forced to terminate; and
(7) Maintaining audit trail in either paper or electronic format.
(8) Requiring user administrator to monitor and review unsuccessful logins and changes to users accounts.

Article 27. Commercial banks should have a set of policies and procedures controlling the logging of activities in all production systems to support effective auditing, security forensic analysis, and fraud prevention. Logging can be implemented in different layers of software and on different computer and networking equipment, which falls into two broad categories:
(1) Transaction journals. They are generated by application software and database management system, and contain authentication attempts, modification to data, error messages, etc. Transaction journals should be kept according to the national accounting policy.
(2) System logs. They are generated by operating systems, database management system, firewalls, intrusion detection systems, and routers, etc., and contain authentication attempts, system events, network events, error messages, etc. System logs should be kept for a period scaled to the risk classification, but no less than one year.
Banks should ensure that sufficient items be included in the logs to facilitate effective internal controls, system troubleshooting, and auditing while taking appropriate measures to ensure time synchronization on all logs. Sufficient disk space should be allocated to prevent logs from being overwritten. System logs should be reviewed for any exception. The review frequency and retention period for transaction logs or database logs should be determined jointly by IT organization and pertinent business lines, and approved by the IT steering committee.

Article 28. Commercial banks should have the capacity to employ encryption technologies to mitigate the risk of losing confidential information in the information systems or during its transmission. Appropriate management processes of the encryption facilities should be put in place to ensure that
(1) Encryption facilities in use should meet national security standards or requirements;
(2) Staff in charge of encryption facilities are well trained and screened;
(3) Encryption strength is adequate to protect the confidentiality of the information; and
(4) Effective and efficient key management procedures, especially key lifecycle management and certificate lifecycle management, are in place.

Article 29. Commercial banks should put in place an effective and efficient system of securing all end-user computing equipment which include desktop personal computers (PCs), portable PCs, teller terminals, automatic teller machines (ATMs), passbook printers, debit or credit card readers, point of sale (POS) terminals, personal digital assistant (PDAs), etc and conduct periodic security checks on all equipments.

Article 30. Commercial banks should put in place a set of policies and procedures to govern the collection, processing, storage, transmission, dissemination, and disposal of customer information.

Article 31. All employees, including contract staff, should be provided with the necessary trainings to fully understand these policies procedures and the consequences of their violation. Commercial banks should adopt a zero tolerance policy against security violation.


Chapter V Application System Development, Testing and Maintenance

Article 32. Commercial banks should have the capability to identify, plan, acquire, develop, test, deploy, maintain, upgrade, and retire information systems. Policies and procedures should be in place to govern the initiation, prioritization, approval, and control of IT projects. Progress reports of major IT projects should be submitted to and reviewed by the IT steering committee periodically. Decisions involving significant change of schedule, change of key personnel, change of vendors, and major expenditures should be included in the progress report.

Article 33. Commercial banks should recognize the risks associated with IT projects, which include the possibilities of incurring various kinds of operational risk, financial losses, and opportunity costs stemming from ineffective project planning or inadequate project management controls of the bank. Therefore, appropriate project management methodologies should be adopted and implemented to control the risks associated with IT projects.

Article 34. Commercial banks should adopt and implement a system development methodology to control the life cycle of Information systems. The typical phases of system life cycle include system analysis, design, development or acquisition, testing, trial run, deployment, maintenance, and retirement. The system development methodology to be used should be commensurate with the size, nature, and complexity of the IT project, and, generally speaking, should facilitate the management of the following risks.

Article 35. Commercial banks should ensure system reliability, integrity, and maintainability by controlling system changes with a set of policies and procedures, which should include the following elements.
(1) Ensure that production systems are separated from development or testing systems;
(2) Separating the duties of managing production systems and managing development or testing systems;
(3) Prohibiting application development and maintenance staff from accessing production system under normal circumstances unless management approval is granted to perform emergency repair, and all emergency repair activities should be recorded and reviewed promptly;
(4) Promoting changes of program or system configuration from development and testing systems to production systems should be jointly approved by IT organization and business departments, properly documented, and reviewed periodically.

Article 36. Commercial banks should have in place a set of policies, standards, and procedures to ensure data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. These policies should be in accordance with data integrity amid IT development procedure.

Article 37. Commercial banks should ensure that Information system problems could be tracked, analyzed, and resolved systematically through an effective problem management process. Problems should be documented, categorized, and indexed. Support services or technical assistance from vendors, if necessary, should also be documented. Contacts and relevant contract information should be made readily available to the employees concerned. Accountability and line of command should be delineated clearly and communicated to all employees concerned, which is of utmost importance to performing emergency repair.

Article 38. Commercial banks should have a set of policies and procedures controlling the process of system upgrade. System upgrade is needed when the hardware reaches its lifespan or runs out of capacity, the underpinning software, namely, operating system, database management system, middleware, has to be upgraded, or the application software has to be upgraded. The system upgrade should be treated as a project and managed by all pertinent project management controls including user acceptance testing.


Chapter VI IT Operations

Article 39. Commercial banks should consider fully the environmental threats (e.g. proximity to natural disaster zones, dangerous or hazardous facilities or busy/major roads) when selecting the locations of their data centers. Physical and environmental controls should be implemented to monitor environmental conditions could affect adversely the operation of information processing facilities. Equipment facilities should be protected from power failures and electrical supply interference.

Article 40. In controlling access by third-party personnel (e.g. service providers) to secured areas, proper approval of access should be enforced and their activities should be closely monitored. It is important that proper screening procedures including verification and background checks, especially for sensitive technology-related jobs, are developed for permanent and temporary technical staff and contractors.

Article 41. Commercial banks should separate IT operations or computer center operations from system development and maintenance to ensure segregation of duties within the IT organization. The commercial banks should document the roles and responsibilities of data center functions.

Article 42. Commercial banks are required to retain transactional records in compliance with the national accounting policy. Procedures and technology are needed to be put in place to ensure the integrity, safekeeping and retrieval requirements of the archived data.



Article 43. Commercial banks should detail operational instructions such as computer operator tasks, job scheduling and execution in the IT operations manual. The IT operations manual should also cover the procedures and requirements for on-site and off-site backup of data and software in both the production and development environments (i.e. frequency, scope and retention periods of back-up).

Article 44. Commercial banks should have in place a problem management and processing system to respond promptly to IT operations incidents, to escalate reported incidents to relevant IT management staff and to record, analyze and keep tracks of all these incidents until rectification of the incidents with root cause analysis completed. A helpdesk function should be set up to provide front-line support to users on all technology-related problems and to direct the problems to relevant IT functions for investigation and resolution.

Article 45. Commercial banks should establish service level agreement and assess the IT service level standard attained.

Article 46. Commercial banks should implement a process to ensure that the performance of application systems is continuously monitored and exceptions are reported in a timely and comprehensive manner. The performance monitoring process should include forecasting capability to enable exceptions to be identified and corrected before they affect system performance.

Article 47. Commercial banks should carry out capacity plan to cater for business growth and transaction increases due to changes of economic conditions. Capacity plan should be extended to cover back-up systems and related facilities in addition to the production environment.

Article 48. Commercial banks should ensure the continued availability of technology related services with timely maintenance and appropriate system upgrades. Proper record keeping (including suspected and actual faults and preventive and corrective maintenance records) is necessary for effective facility and equipment maintenance.

Article 49. Commercial banks should have an effective change management process in place to ensure integrity and reliability of the production environment. Commercial banks should develop a formal change management process.


Chapter VII Business Continuity Management

Article 50. Commercial banks should have in place appropriate arrangements, having regard to the nature, scale and complexity of its business, to ensure that it can continue to function and meet its regulatory obligations in the event of an unforeseen interruption. These arrangements should be regularly updated and tested to ensure their effectiveness.

Article 51. Commercial banks should consider the likelihood and impact of a disruption to the continuity of its operation from unexpected events. This should include assessing the disruptions to which it is particularly susceptible including but not limited to:
(1) Loss of failure of internal and external resources (such as people, systems and other assets);
(2) The loss or corruption of its information; and
(3) External events (such as war, earthquake, typhoon, etc).

Article 52. Commercial bank should act to reduce both the likelihood of disruptions (including system resilience and dual processing); and the impact of disruptions (including by contingency arrangements and insurance).

Article 53. Commercial bank should document its strategy for maintaining continuity of its operations, and its plans for communicating and regularly testing the adequacy and effectiveness of this strategy. Commercial bank should establish:
(1) Formal business continuity plans that outline arrangements to reduce the impact of a short, medium and long-term disruption, including:
a) Resource requirements such as people, systems and other assets, and arrangements for obtaining these resources;
b) The recovery priorities for the commercial bank’s operations; and
c) Communication arrangements for internal and external concerned parties (including CBRC, clients and the press);
(2) Escalation and invocation plans that outline the processes for implementing the business continuity plans, together with relevant contact information;
(3) Processes to validate the integrity of information affected by the disruption;
(4) Processes to review and update (1) to (3) following changes to the commercial bank’s operations or risk profile.

Article 54. A final BCP plan and an annual drill result must be signed off by the IT Risk management, or internal auditor and IT Steering Committee.


Chapter VIII Outsourcing

Article 55. Commercial banks cannot contract out its regulatory obligations and should take reasonable care to supervise the discharge of outsourcing functions.

Article 56. Commercial banks should take particular care to manage material outsourcing arrangement (such as outsourcing of data center, IT infrastructure, etc.), and should notify CBRC when it intends to enter into material outsourcing arrangement.

Article 57. Before entering into, or significantly changing, an outsourcing arrangement, the commercial bank should:
(1) Analyze how the arrangement will fit with its organization and reporting structure; business strategy; overall risk profile; and ability to meet its regulatory obligations;
(2) Consider whether the arrangements will allow it to monitor and control its operational risk exposure relating to the outsourcing;
(3) Conduct appropriate due diligence of the service provider’s financial stability, expertise and risk assessment of the service provider, facilities and ability to cover the potential liabilities;
(4) Consider how it will ensure a smooth transition of its operations from its current arrangements to a new or changed outsourcing arrangement (including what will happen on the termination of the contract); and
(5) Consider any concentration risk implications such as the business continuity implications that may arise if a single service provider is used by several firms.

Article 58. In negotiating its contract with a service provider, the commercial bank should have regard to ( but not limited to ):
(1) Reporting and negotiation requirements it may wish to impose on the service provider;
(2) Whether sufficient access will be available to its internal auditors, external auditors and banking regulators;
(3) Information ownership rights, confidentiality agreements and Firewalls to protect client and other information (including arrangements at the termination of contract);
(4) The adequacy of any guarantees and indemnities;
(5) The extent to which the service provider must comply with the commercial bank’s polices and procedures covering IT Risk;
(6) The extent to which the service provider will provide business continuity for outsourced operations, and whether exclusive access to its resources is agreed;
(7) The need for continued availability of software following difficulty at a third party supplier;
(8) The processes for making changes to the outsourcing arrangement and the conditions under which the commercial bank or service provider can choose to change or terminate the outsourcing arrangement, such as where there is:
a) A change of ownership or control of the service provider or commercial bank; or
b) Significant change in the business operations of the service provider or commercial bank; or
c) Inadequate provision of services that may lead to the commercial bank being unable to meet its regulatory obligations.

Article 59. In implementing a relationship management framework, and drafting the service level agreement with the service provider, the commercial bank should have regarded to (but not limited to):
(1) The identification of qualitative and quantitative performance targets to assess the adequacy of service provision, to both the commercial bank and its clients, where appropriate;
(2) The evaluation of performance through service delivery reports and periodic self assessment and independent review by internal or external auditors; and
(3) Remediation action and escalation process for dealing with inadequate performance.

Article 60. The commercial bank should enhance IT related outsourcing management, in place following (not limited to ) measures to ensure data security of sensitive information such as customer information:
(1) Effectively separated from other customer information of the service provider;
(2) The related staff of service provider should be authorized on “need to know” and “minimum authorization” basis;
(3) Ensure service provider guarantee its staff for meeting the confidential requests;
(4) All outsourcing arrangements related to customer information should be identified as material outsourcing arrangements and the customers should be notified;
(5) Strictly monitor re-outsourcing actions of the service provider, and implement adequate control measures to ensure information security of the bank;
(6) Ensure all related sensitive information be refunded or deleted from the service provider’s storage when terminating the outsourcing arrangement.


Article 61. The commercial bank should ensure that it has appropriate contingency in the event of a significant loss of services from the service provider. Particular issues to consider include a significant loss of resources, turnover of key staff, or financial failure of, the service provider, and unexpected termination of the outsourcing agreement.

Article 62. All outsourcing contracts must be reviewed or signed off by IT Risk management, internal IT auditors, legal department and IT Steering Committee. There should be a process to periodically review and refine the service level agreements.


Chapter IX Internal Audit

Article 63. Depending on the nature, scale and complexity of its business, it may be appropriate for the commercial banks to delegate much of the task of monitoring the appropriateness and effectiveness of its systems and controls to an internal audit function. An internal audit function should be adequately resourced and staffed by competent individuals, be independent of the day-to-day activities of the commercial bank and have appropriate access to the bank’s records.

Article 64. The responsibilities of the internal IT audit function are:
(1) To establish, implement and maintain an audit plan to examine and evaluate the adequacy and effectiveness of the bank’s systems and internal control mechanisms and arrangements;
(2) To issue recommendations based on the result of work carried out in accordance with 1;
(3) To verify compliance with those recommendations;
(4) To carry out special audit on information technology. The term “special audit” of information technology refers to the investigation, analysis and assessment on the security incidents of the information system, or the audit performed on a special subject based on IT risk assessment result as deemed necessary by the audit department.

Article 65. Based on the nature, scale and complexity of its business, deployment of information technology and IT risk assessment, commercial banks could determine the scope and frequency of IT internal audit. However, a comprehensive IT internal audit shall be performed at a minimum once every 3 years.

Article 66. Commercial banks should engage its internal audit department and IT Risk management department when implementing system development of significant size and scale to ensure it meets the IT Risk standards of the Commercial banks.


Chapter X External Audit

Article 67. The external information technology audit of commercial banks can be carried out by certified service providers in accordance with laws, rules and regulations.

Article 68. The commercial bank should ensure IT audit service provider to review and examine bank’s hardware, software, documentation and data to identify IT risk when they are commissioned to perform the audit. Vital commercial and technical information which is protected by national laws and regulations should not be reviewed.

Article 69. Commercial bank should communicate with the service provider in depth before the audit to determine audit scope, and should not withhold the truth or do not corporate with the service provider intentionally.

Article 70. CBRC and its local offices could designate certified service providers to carry out IT audit or related review on commercial banks when needed. When carrying out audit on commercial banks, as commissioned or authorized by CBRC or its local offices, the service providers shall present the letter of authority, and carry out the audit in accordance to the scope prescribed in the letter of authority.

Article 71. Once the IT audit report produced by the service providers is reviewed and approved by CBRC or its local offices, the report will have the same legal status as if it is produced by the CBRC itself. Commercial banks should come up with a correction action plan prescribed in the report and implement the corrective actions according to the timeframe.

Article 72. Commercial banks should ensure the service providers to strictly comply with laws and regulations to keep confidential and data security of any commercial secrets and private information learnt and IT risk information when conducting the audit. The service provider should not modify copy or take away any documents provided by the commercial banks.


Chapter XI Supplementary Provisions

Article 73. Commercial banks with no board of directors should have their operating decision-making bodies perform the responsibilities of the board with regard to IT risk management specified herein.

Article 74. The China Banking Regulatory Commission supervises and regulates the IT risk management of commercial banks under its authority by law.

Article 75. The power of interpretation and modification of the Guidelines shall rest with the China Banking Regulatory Commission.

Article 76. The Guidelines shall become effective as of the date of its issuance and the former Guidelines on the Risk Management of Banking Institutions’ Information Systems shall be revoked at the same time.


中国人民银行 中国银行业监督管理委员会公告2009年第14号

中国人民银行 中国银行业监督管理委员会


中国人民银行 中国银行业监督管理委员会公告2009年第14号


为规范金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券行为,保护投资者的合法权益,根据《中华人民共和国中国人民银行法》、《中华人民共和国银行业监督管理法》、《全国银行间债券市场金融债券发行管理办法》、《金融租赁公司管理办法》和《汽车金融公司管理办法》等法律法规和相关规定,现就金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券的有关事宜公告如下:
  一、本公告所称金融租赁公司是指经中国银行业监督管理委员会批准设立,以经营融资租赁业务为主的非银行金融机构。
  二、本公告所称汽车金融公司是指经中国银行业监督管理委员会批准设立,为中国境内的汽车购买者及销售者提供金融服务的非银行金融机构。
  三、中国人民银行和中国银行业监督管理委员会依法对金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司金融债券的发行进行监督管理。中国人民银行对金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司在银行间债券市场发行和交易金融债券进行监督管理;中国银行业监督管理委员会对金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券的资格进行审查。
  四、金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券,应具备以下条件:
  (一)具有良好的公司治理结构和完善的内部控制体系;
  (二)具有从事金融债券发行和管理的合格专业人员;
  (三)金融租赁公司注册资本金不低于5亿元人民币或等值的自由兑换货币,汽车金融公司注册资本金不低于8亿元人民币或等值的自由兑换货币;
  (四)资产质量良好,最近1年不良资产率低于行业平均水平,资产损失准备计提充足;
  (五)无到期不能支付债务;
  (六)净资产不低于行业平均水平;
  (七)经营状况良好,最近3年连续盈利,最近1年利润率不低于行业平均水平,且有稳定的盈利预期;
  (八)最近3年平均可分配利润足以支付所发行金融债券1年的利息;
  (九)风险监管指标达到监管要求;
  (十)最近3年没有重大违法、违规行为;
  (十一)中国人民银行和中国银行业监督管理委员会要求的其他条件。
  对于商业银行设立的金融租赁公司,资质良好但成立不满3年的,应由具有担保能力的担保人提供担保。
  五、金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券后,资本充足率均应不低于8%。
  六、中国银行业监督管理委员会直接监管的金融租赁公司发行金融债券,向中国银行业监督管理委员会提交申请,由中国银行业监督管理委员会受理、审查并决定。各地银监局监管的金融租赁公司发行金融债券,向所在地银监局提交申请,银监局受理、初审后,报中国银行业监督管理委员会审查并决定。
  七、汽车金融公司发行金融债券,应向其所在地银监局提交申请,由银监局受理、初审后,报中国银行业监督管理委员会审查批准。
  八、金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券,应向中国银行业监督管理委员会报送以下文件:
  (一)金融债券发行申请报告;
  (二)发行人公司章程或章程性文件规定的权力机构的书面同意文件;
  (三)发行人近3年经审计的财务报告及审计报告;
  (四)募集说明书;
  (五)发行公告或发行章程;
  (六)承销协议;
  (七)发行人关于本期偿债计划及保障措施的专项报告;
  (八)信用评级机构出具的金融债券信用评级报告和有关持续跟踪评级安排的说明;
  (九)发行人律师出具的法律意见书;
  (十)中国银行业监督管理委员会要求的其他文件。
  采用担保方式发行金融债券的,还应提供担保协议及担保人资信情况说明。
  九、中国银行业监督管理委员会应当自受理金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券申请之日起3个月内,对金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券进行资格审查,并做出批准或不批准的书面决定,同时抄送中国人民银行。
  十、金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司发行金融债券申请获得中国银行业监督管理委员会批准后,应向中国人民银行报送以下文件:
  (一)第八条(一)至(九)项要求的文件;
  (二)监管机构同意金融债券发行的文件;
  (三)中国人民银行要求的其他文件。
  十一、中国人民银行核准金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司金融债券发行申请的期限,适用《中国人民银行行政许可实施办法》的有关规定。
  十二、金融租赁公司和汽车金融公司的发债资金用途必须符合国家产业政策和相关政策规定,不得从事与自身主业无关的风险性投资。
  十三、本公告未尽事宜按《全国银行间债券市场金融债券发行管理办法》和中国银行业监督管理委员会的有关规定执行。
   中国人民银行
中国银行业监督管理委员会
   二〇〇九年八月十八日